{"id":16409,"date":"2023-10-05T10:58:30","date_gmt":"2023-10-05T10:58:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mysourcefunding.com\/leadership\/immigrant-nobel-prize-winners-continue-to-impress\/"},"modified":"2023-10-05T10:58:32","modified_gmt":"2023-10-05T10:58:32","slug":"immigrant-nobel-prize-winners-continue-to-impress","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mysourcefunding.com\/?p=16409","title":{"rendered":"Immigrant Nobel Prize Winners Continue To Impress"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

In 2023, four of the six U.S. recipients of Nobel Prizes in medicine, chemistry and physics came to America as immigrants. New research shows immigrants have contributed substantially to America in scientific fields, particularly in the past two decades.<\/p>\n

\u201cImmigrants have been awarded 40%, or 45 of 112, of the Nobel Prizes won by Americans in chemistry, medicine and physics since 2000,\u201d according to an analysis by the National Foundation for American Policy (NFAP). \u201cBetween 1901 and 2023, immigrants have been awarded 36%, or 115 of 319, of the Nobel Prizes won by Americans in chemistry, medicine and physics.\u201d<\/p>\n

Katalin Karik\u00f3 And mRNA<\/h2>\n

In 2023, Katalin Karik\u00f3 and Drew Weissman shared the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine \u201cfor their discoveries concerning nucleoside base modifications that enabled the development of effective mRNA vaccines against COVID-19.\u201d<\/p>\n

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Karik\u00f3 earned a Ph.D. in Hungary but did not want to raise a family or work under communist rule. She came to the United States but faced an uncertain career path, first as a postdoctoral researcher. Her story shows why ignoring an immigrant\u2019s drive and potential closes the door to outstanding individuals.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt is a story that began three decades ago, with a little-known scientist who refused to quit,\u201d writes Damian Garde of STAT<\/em>. \u201cBefore messenger RNA was a multibillion-dollar idea, it was a scientific backwater. And for the Hungarian-born scientist behind a key mRNA discovery, it was a career dead-end. Katalin Karik\u00f3 spent the 1990s collecting rejections. Her work, attempting to harness the power of mRNA to fight disease, was too far-fetched for government grants, corporate funding and even support from her own colleagues.\u201d<\/p>\n

At the University of Pennsylvania, Karik\u00f3 collaborated with Drew Weissman and solved the problem plaguing mRNA by stopping the body from fighting the new chemical after an injection. \u201cKarik\u00f3 and Weissman [created] . . . a hybrid mRNA that could sneak its way into cells without alerting the body\u2019s defenses,\u201d writes Garde. \u201cAnd even though the studies by Karik\u00f3 and Weissman went unnoticed by some, they caught the attention of two key scientists\u2014one in the United States, another abroad\u2014who would later help found Moderna [Rossi] and Pfizer\u2019s future partner, BioNTech.\u201d<\/p>\n

Karik\u00f3, who lives and works in America, is a senior vice president at German-based BioNTech, the company that worked with Pfizer to develop an mRNA Covid-19 vaccine.<\/p>\n

In the coming years, medical experts expect mRNA to treat cancer. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center has opened a phase 2 clinical trial to test an mRNA vaccine to treat pancreatic cancer.<\/p>\n

Immigrants Win Nobel Prizes In Chemistry And Physics<\/h2>\n

Two immigrants\u2014Moungi G. Bawendi (born in France) and Alexei I. Ekimov (born in the former USSR)\u2014shared with Louis E. Brus (born in the U.S.) the 2023 Nobel Prize in chemistry. \u201cThe Nobel Prize in chemistry 2023 rewards the discovery and development of quantum dots<\/em>, nanoparticles so tiny that their size determines their properties,\u201d writes the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. \u201cThese smallest components of nanotechnology now spread their light from televisions and LED lamps, and can also guide surgeons when they remove tumor tissue, among many other things.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bawendi is affiliated with MIT, Brus with Columbia University and Ekimov works at Nanocrystals Technology Inc. in New York.<\/p>\n

\u201cQuantum dots now illuminate computer monitors and television screens based on QLED technology,\u201d according to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. \u201cThey also add nuance to the light of some LED lamps, and biochemists and doctors use them to map biological tissue. Quantum dots are thus bringing the greatest benefit to humankind.\u201d<\/p>\n

Pierre Agostini immigrated to America from France. He came to Ohio State in 2005 and is now professor emeritus of physics. Agostini shared the Nobel Prize in physics with two French scientists.<\/p>\n

\u201cScientists Pierre Agostini, Ferenc Krausz and Anne L’Huillier won the 2023 Nobel Prize in physics for creating ultra-short pulses of light that can give a snapshot of changes within atoms, potentially leading to better detection of disease,\u201d according to Reuters.<\/p>\n

Not An Easy Path<\/h2>\n

Nobel Prize winners rarely come to the United States on the cusp of winning a prestigious award. Katalin Karik\u00f3 and many other recipients traveled a difficult path. Rainer Weiss was born in Germany and came to America as a teenager. He shared the 2017 Nobel Prize in physics with two other Americans, Kip S. Thorne and Barry C. Barish.<\/p>\n

Dr. Ardem Patapoutian, an immigrant from Lebanon, shared the 2021 Nobel Prize in medicine with David Julius for \u201cgroundbreaking research that solved a long-standing mystery of how the body senses touch and other mechanical stimuli.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cDr. Patapoutian, who is of Armenian origin, grew up in Lebanon during the country\u2019s long and calamitous civil war before fleeing to the United States with his brother in 1986 at age 18,\u201d reported the New York Times<\/em>. \u201cNeeding to establish residency in California so that he could afford college, Dr. Patapoutian worked eclectic jobs for a year, delivering pizzas and writing the weekly horoscopes for an Armenian newspaper.\u201d<\/p>\n

He left Lebanon after what Dr. Patapoutian describes as a harrowing experience. \u201cThe conflict continued to escalate, and one fateful and terrifying morning, I was captured and held by armed militants. A few months later, I moved to Los Angeles. This first year in LA was a different kind of struggle to adapt, perhaps as challenging a year as a young adult as any I had experienced as a child in Beirut. . . . What a relief it was to gain admission to UCLA to resume my student life.\u201d<\/p>\n

Dr. Patapoutian said, \u201cI fell in love with doing basic research. That changed the trajectory of my career. In Lebanon, I didn\u2019t even know about scientists as a career.\u201d<\/p>\n

Immigration Laws Make A Difference<\/h2>\n

The report notes that two laws helped America attract outstanding talent. In 1965, ending the discriminatory national origin quotas allowed immigrants from Asia and elsewhere to study and live in the United States. The Immigration Act of 1990 raised employment-based green card numbers, although more than three decades later, the increase has proven insufficient.<\/p>\n

Still, a greater openness to immigration has drawn researchers to the United States from across the globe. \u201cOne can see the increasing influence and importance of immigrants on science in America reflected in Nobel Prize winners,\u201d the research found. \u201cBetween 1901 and 1959, immigrants won 22 Nobel Prizes in chemistry, medicine and physics but won 93 prizes in these fields\u2014more than four times as many\u2014between 1960 and 2023.\u201d<\/p>\n

Since 1901, immigrants have been awarded 38% of the U.S. Nobel Prizes in physics, 37% in chemistry and 34% in medicine.<\/p>\n

In 2021, three of the four U.S. winners of Nobel Prizes in medicine, chemistry and physics were immigrants to America. In 2016, all 6 American recipients of the Nobel Prize in economics and scientific fields were immigrants.<\/p>\n

The study found, \u201cBeing open to immigration has allowed America to attract talented and ambitious individuals and benefit from scientific and technological innovation.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Read the full article here<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In 2023, four of the six U.S. recipients of Nobel Prizes in medicine, chemistry and physics came to America as immigrants. New research shows immigrants have contributed substantially to America in scientific fields, particularly in the past two decades. \u201cImmigrants have been awarded 40%, or 45 of 112, of the Nobel Prizes won by Americans […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16410,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[76],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-16409","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-leadership"},"yoast_head":"\nImmigrant Nobel Prize Winners Continue To Impress | Brandiary<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In 2023, four of the six U.S. recipients of Nobel Prizes in medicine, chemistry and physics came to America as immigrants. 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